83 research outputs found
Photoluminescence of tetrahedral quantum-dot quantum wells
Taking into account the tetrahedral shape of a quantum dot quantum well
(QDQW) when describing excitonic states, phonon modes and the exciton-phonon
interaction in the structure, we obtain within a non-adiabatic approach a
quantitative interpretation of the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of a single
CdS/HgS/CdS QDQW. We find that the exciton ground state in a tetrahedral QDQW
is bright, in contrast to the dark ground state for a spherical QDQW.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Bipolaron Binding in Quantum Wires
A theory of bipolaron states in quantum wires with a parabolic potential well
is developed applying the Feynman variational principle. The basic parameters
of the bipolaron ground state (the binding energy, the number of phonons in the
bipolaron cloud, the effective mass, and the bipolaron radius) are studied as a
function of sizes of the potential well. Two cases are considered in detail: a
cylindrical quantum wire and a planar quantum wire. Analytical expressions for
the bipolaron parameters are obtained at large and small sizes of the quantum
well. It is shown that at [where means the radius (halfwidth) of a
cylindrical (planar) quantum wire, expressed in Feynman units], the influence
of confinement on the bipolaron binding energy is described by the function
for both cases, while at small sizes this influence is different
in each case. In quantum wires, the bipolaron binding energy increases
logarithmically with decreasing radius. The shapes and the sizes of a
nanostructure, which are favorable for observation of stable bipolaron states,
are determined.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, E-mail addresses: [email protected];
[email protected]
Optical spectra of quantum dots: effects of non-adiabaticity
It is shown that in many cases an adequate description of optical spectra of
semiconductor quantum dots requires a treatment beyond the commonly used
adiabatic approximation. We have developed a theory of phonon-assisted optical
transitions in semiconductor quantum dots, which takes into account
non-adiabaticity of the exciton-phonon system. Effects of non-adiabaticity lead
to a mixing of different exciton and phonon states that provides a key to the
understanding of surprisingly high intensities of phonon satellites observed in
photoluminescence spectra of quantum dots. A breakdown of the adiabatic
approximation gives an explanation also for discrepancies between the serial
law, observed in multi-phonon optical spectra of some quantum dots, and the
Franck-Condon progression, prescribed by the adiabatic approach.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, E-mail addresses: [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
Excitonic properties of strained wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N quantum dots
We investigate exciton states theoretically in strained GaN/AlN quantum dots
with wurtzite (WZ) and zinc-blende (ZB) crystal structures, as well as strained
WZ GaN/AlGaN quantum dots. We show that the strain field significantly modifies
the conduction and valence band edges of GaN quantum dots. The piezoelectric
field is found to govern excitonic properties of WZ GaN/AlN quantum dots, while
it has a smaller effect on WZ GaN/AlGaN, and very little effect on ZB GaN/AlN
quantum dots. As a result, the exciton ground state energy in WZ GaN/AlN
quantum dots, with heights larger than 3 nm, exhibits a red shift with respect
to the bulk WZ GaN energy gap. The radiative decay time of the red-shifted
transitions is large and increases almost exponentially from 6.6 ns for quantum
dots with height 3 nm to 1100 ns for the quantum dots with height 4.5 nm. In WZ
GaN/AlGaN quantum dots, both the radiative decay time and its increase with
quantum dot height are smaller than those in WZ GaN/AlN quantum dots. On the
other hand, the radiative decay time in ZB GaN/AlN quantum dots is of the order
of 0.3 ns, and is almost independent of the quantum dot height. Our results are
in good agreement with available experimental data and can be used to optimize
GaN quantum dot parameters for proposed optoelectronic applications.Comment: 18 pages, accepted for publication in the Journal of Applied Physic
Excitons in the wurtzite AlGaN/GaN quantum-well heterostructures
We have theoretically studied exciton states and photoluminescence spectra of
strained wurtzite AlGaN/GaN quantum-well heterostructures. The electron and
hole energy spectra are obtained by numerically solving the Schr\"odinger
equation, both for a single-band Hamiltonian and for a non-symmetrical 6-band
Hamiltonian. The deformation potential and spin-orbit interaction are taken
into account. For increasing built-in field, generated by the piezoelectric
polarization and by the spontaneous polarization, the energy of size
quantization rises and the number of size quantized electron and hole levels in
a quantum well decreases. The exciton energy spectrum is obtained using
electron and hole wave functions and two-dimensional Coulomb wave functions as
a basis. We have calculated the exciton oscillator strengths and identified the
exciton states active in optical absorption. For different values of the Al
content x, a quantitative interpretation, in a good agreement with experiment,
is provided for (i) the red shift of the zero-phonon photoluminescence peaks
for increasing the quantum-well width, (ii) the relative intensities of the
zero-phonon and one-phonon photoluminescence peaks, found within the
non-adiabatic approach, and (iii) the values of the photoluminescence decay
time as a function of the quantum-well width.Comment: 32 pages, 9 figure
Electron and hole states in quantum-dot quantum wells within a spherical 8-band model
In order to study heterostructures composed both of materials with strongly
different parameters and of materials with narrow band gaps, we have developed
an approach, which combines the spherical 8-band effective-mass Hamiltonian and
the Burt's envelope function representation. Using this method, electron and
hole states are calculated in CdS/HgS/CdS/H_2O and CdTe/HgTe/CdTe/H_2O
quantum-dot quantum-well heterostructures. Radial components of the wave
functions of the lowest S and P electron and hole states in typical quantum-dot
quantum wells (QDQWs) are presented as a function of radius. The 6-band-hole
components of the radial wave functions of an electron in the 8-band model have
amplitudes comparable with the amplitude of the corresponding 2-band-electron
component. This is a consequence of the coupling between the conduction and
valence bands, which gives a strong nonparabolicity of the conduction band. At
the same time, the 2-band-electron component of the radial wave functions of a
hole in the 8-band model is small compared with the amplitudes of the
corresponding 6-band-hole components. It is shown that in the CdS/HgS/CdS/H_2O
QDQW holes in the lowest states are strongly localized in the well region
(HgS). On the contrary, electrons in this QDQW and both electron and holes in
the CdTe/HgTe/CdTe/H_2O QDQW are distributed through the entire dot. The
importance of the developed theory for QDQWs is proven by the fact that in
contrast to our rigorous 8-band model, there appear spurious states within the
commonly used symmetrized 8-band model.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, E-mail addresses: [email protected],
[email protected]
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